一种新型随钻轨迹仪的研制

针对现有随钻轨迹仪工作时间短、需人工同步、"数钻杆"记录钻孔深度不足等问题,采用深度实时测量技术、电源智能管理技术和数据自动同步与成图等关键技术,研制了新型随钻轨迹仪。该仪器由直线位移传感器、压力传感器、霍尔开关等组成,具有钻孔深度自动测量、电源智能管理、测量数据与深度自动匹配等功能。试验结果表明:新型钻孔轨迹仪工作稳定可靠、无需人工干预、工作时间长、生产效率高。     

面向技术问题的3D打印关键技术专利规避设计方法

在工程实践中,为了解决存在的技术问题,需要对现有产品进行创新设计,针对产品创新设计中普遍存在的专利规避需求,结合TRIZ建立了专利规避设计流程,包括规避问题的提出、规避对象的确定和规避设计;以FDM技术为例,对造成FDM技术成型精度低和打印速度慢的问题进行分析,并结合问题原因,专利检索到了在保证打印精度的前提下提高打印速度的技术方案,通过技术迁移,建立了迁移后的初始模型,并利用TRIZ中的功能裁剪进行了专利规避设计和侵权判定,可为企业及研究机构利用专利信息实施专利规避设计提供参考。     

物理化学课程的创新教学模式研究及其效果分析

物理化学课程创新教学模式是以学生学习为中心,吐故纳新,优化精选,以新颖或变化的教学方式进行教学。调查表明创新教学模式受到绝大多数学生的肯定和认可,有效地调动学生的积极性,提高了学生对物理化学的学习和探究兴趣,学生提问问题的广度和难度发生显著变化。该教学模式能够逐步提升学生的创新意识和创新能力。     

R-curves determination of ordinary refractory ceramics assisted by digital image correlation method

As a figure-of-merit, the rising ratio of crack propagation resistance to fracture initiation resistance indicates a reduction of the brittleness and enhances the thermal shock resistance of ordinary refractory ceramics. The significant nonlinear fracture behaviour is related to the development of a fracture process zone (FPZ). The universal dimensionless load–displacement diagram method is applied as a promising graphical method for the determination of R-curves for magnesia refractories showing different brittleness. By applying digital image correlation (DIC) together with the graphical method, the problems arisen with accurate determination of the fracture initiation resistance and the crack length are overcome. Meanwhile, the R-curve is subdivided with respect to the fracture processes, viz the fracture initiation, the development of FPZ and the onset of traction free macro-crack. With the simultaneous crack lengths evaluated from DIC, the contribution of each fracture process to the crack propagation resistance at certain loading stage is quantitatively presented.     

新形势下普通高校大学生行为管理模式研究

高校是培养人才的摇篮,肩负着科教兴国、人才强国两大历史性战略任务。由于社会环境的复杂化,人际关系的交错性,新时代的大学生行为状况给高校学生管理工作带来了新的挑战。针对新时期大学生行为特点,我们通过加强党建工作、强化学风建设、做好班级自主管理和深化社会服务四个方面工作进行分析,提出了全面引导、约束、规范和优化大学生的行为的建议和对策,从而有效解决新形势下普通高校学生管理工作的实际困难。     

Study on maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic array in irregular shadow

Traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods can hardly find global maximum power point (MPP) because output characteristics curve of photovoltaic (PV) array may have multi local maximum power points in irregular shadow, and thus easily fall into the local maximum power point. To address this drawback, Considering that sliding mode variable structure (SMVS) control strategy have such advantages as simple structure, fast response and strong robustness, and P&O method have the advantages of simple principle and convenient implementation, so a new algorithm combining SMVS control method and P&O method is proposed, besides, PI controller is applied to reduce system chattering caused by switching sliding surface. It is applied to MPPT control of PV array in irregular shadow to solve the problem of multi-peak optimization in partial shadow. In order to verity the rationality of the proposed algorithm, the experimental circuit is built, which achieves MPPT control by means of the proposed algorithm and P&O method. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional P&O algorithm, the proposed algorithm can fast track the global MPP, tracking speed increases by 60% and the relative error decreased by 20%. Moreover, the system becomes more stable near the MPP, the fluctuations of output power is greatly reduced, and thus make full use of solar energy.     

冷轧平整机机前甩尾轧制工艺的开发与应用

本文介绍了柳钢冷轧板带厂1550 mm单机架平整机机前甩尾轧制的工艺。改进前轧制每卷钢卷生产效率低,钢卷成材率低,改进后生产效率、成材率明显提高,部分规格的钢卷能实现带尾剪切长度为零。     

Improving CNC contouring accuracy by robust digital integral sliding mode control

Integral sliding mode control (ISMC) has been employed and shown to improve contouring accuracy in the presence of external disturbances and model uncertainties. An ISMC controller directly reduces the tracking errors of each individual axis, thereby reducing the overall contour errors indirectly. An ISMC controller drives the system dynamics back onto the sliding surface if there exists a deviation from the predefined surface. In the design of an ISMC controller, it is crucial to choose an appropriate sliding surface as this has a great impact on system performance and on chattering. In current approaches, the sliding surface is chosen largely based on a rule of thumb which is only applicable for systems with open-loop poles having imaginary parts. In this paper, an approach is presented to design the sliding surface using principles of robust digital control so that both the regulation and robustness requirements can be satisfied. The natural frequency of the dominant closed-loop poles is chosen such that the modulus of the output sensitivity function lies within the robustness bounds. Resonant pole-zero filters are then used to reshape the output sensitivity function in specific frequency regions. Experiments showed that when the modulus of the output sensitivity function is kept within the robustness bounds, chattering can be avoided and the contour errors resulting from vibrations can be reduced. The introduction of a resonant pole-zero filter also allowed the attenuation band to be expanded so that the low frequency components of the contour errors are attenuated.     

Validation of an integral sliding mode control for optimal control of a three blade variable speed variable pitch wind turbine

Reduction in cost of wind energy requires most efficient control technology which can able to extract optimum power from the wind. This paper mainly focuses on the control of variable speed variable pitch wind turbine (VSVPWT) for maximization of extracted power at below rated wind speed (region 2) and regulation of extracted power when operating at above rated wind speed (region 3). To extract maximum power at below rated wind speed torque control is used whereas to regulate rated power at above rated wind speed pitch control is used. In this paper a nonlinear control i.e. integral sliding mode control (ISMC) is proposed for region 2 whereas a conventional proportional–integral (PI) control is adapted for region 3 of a VSVPWT. The proposed controller is combined with modified Newton Raphson (MNR) wind speed estimator to estimate the wind speed. The stability of the proposed ISMC is analyzed using Lyapunov stability criterion and the control law is derived for region 2 which is also adapted for the transition period between region 2 and region 3 (region 2.5). The dynamic simulations are tested with nonlinear FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence) wind turbine (WT). The simulation results of ISMC are presented and the control performance is compared with conventional SMC and existing controllers such as aerodynamic torque feed forward control (ATF) and Indirect speed control (ISC). It is seen that especially in region 2.5, ISMC gives better performance compared to all other controllers.     

影像设备OM测试法解读(能源之星2.0版)

美国能源之星对影像设备能效测试2.0版操作模式功率法(OM法)主要反应被测样品在完成准备状态、睡眠状态、低耗能状态或关闭状态的能耗情况。分析了OM法的各测试项目以及相应指标,归纳总结了该标准规范在实施中应注意的问题,对影像设备附加功能进行了详细说明。